Secure cloud-managed content delivery computer ecosystem

ABSTRACT

Systems and methods for secure cloud-based content delivery are disclosed herein. A system for secure cloud-based content delivery can include an administrator device communicatingly connected with a server via a wireless network. The administrator device can: receive a request for check-in information from the server via the wireless network; and transmit check-in information to the server via the wireless network. The system can include a user device communicating connected with the server and with the administrator device. The user device can: receive a launch signal from a content driver of the server; launch a first virtual machine; launch a second virtual machine within the first virtual machine; receive pixel data at the second virtual machine; generate an image from the received pixel data; receive a plurality of user inputs via an input/output subsystem of the user device; and relay the user inputs to the content driver.

CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.15/593,159, filed on May 11, 2017, and entitled “SECURE CLOUD-MANAGEDCONTENT DELIVERY COMPUTER ECOSYSTEM”, which claims the benefit of U.S.Provisional Application No. 62/419,307, filed on Nov. 8, 2016, andentitled “SECURE CLOUD-MANAGED ASSESSMENTS DELIVERY ECOSYSTEM”, theentirety of each which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND

Cloud computing is a type of Internet-based computing that can provideshared computer processing resources and data to computers and otherdevices on demand. It is a model for enabling ubiquitous, on-demandaccess to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g.,computer networks, servers, storage, applications and services), whichcan be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort.Cloud computing and storage solutions provide users and enterprises withvarious capabilities to store and process their data in third-party datacenters that may be located far from the user; ranging in distance fromacross a city to across the world. Cloud computing relies on sharing ofresources to achieve coherence and economy of scale, similar to autility (like the electricity grid) over an electricity network.

While cloud computing has many advantages, it also has drawbacks thathave yet to be addressed. Accordingly, new systems and method for usingcloud computing are desired.

BRIEF SUMMARY

One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a system for securelyproviding content and/or for securely authoring or editing content. Thesystem includes: a database; and a server communicatingly connected tothe database. The server includes: an evaluation module that can receiveresponse information and evaluate the received response information; anda content driver communicatingly connected to the evaluation module andthe database. The content driver can: launch in response to receipt of alaunch signal; generate a signal directing the launch of a first virtualmachine on a user device; generate a signal directing the launch of asecond virtual machine within the first virtual machine; identifycontent for delivery to the second virtual machine; generate pixel datafor the content for delivery to the second virtual machine; sending thepixel data to the second virtual machine; receive a plurality ofresponse inputs from the second virtual machine; generate a responsebased on the received response inputs; and provide the generatedresponse to the evaluation module.

In some embodiments, the database includes content for delivery to auser device and evaluation content associated with the content fordelivery to the user device. In some embodiments, the generated pixeldata is encrypted. In some embodiments, the content driver includes acodec that can encrypt the pixel data. In some embodiments, the servercan communicate with the user device via a User Datagram Protocol. Insome embodiments, the User Datagram Protocol is a remote displayprotocol.

In some embodiments, generating a response includes aggregating at leastone response input. In some embodiments, the evaluation module canretrieve evaluation data from the database and evaluate the generatedresponse according to the retrieved evaluation data. In someembodiments, the content driver can generate a communicating connectionto the user device. In some embodiments, the content driver can:determine completion of content delivery to the user device; andterminate the communicating connection with the user device. In someembodiments, the server and the database can be communicatinglyconnected with a backend server and a backend database via acommunication network. In some embodiments, the content for delivery tothe user device comprises a test.

One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of securelyproviding content. The method includes: launching a content driver inresponse to receipt of a launch signal; generating a signal with thecontent driver directing the launch of a first virtual machine on a userdevice; generating a signal with the content driver directing the launchof a second virtual machine within the first virtual machine;identifying with the content driver content for delivery to the secondvirtual machine; generating pixel data with the content driver for thecontent for delivery to the second virtual machine; sending the pixeldata from the content driver to the second virtual machine; receiving aplurality of response inputs at the content driver from the secondvirtual machine; generating with the content driver a response based onthe received response inputs; and evaluating the response.

In some embodiments, the generated pixel data is encrypted. In someembodiments, the generated pixel data is encrypted with a codec. In someembodiments, the pixel data is sent to the second virtual machine via aUser Datagram Protocol. In some embodiments, the User Datagram Protocolincludes a remote display protocol. In some embodiments, generating aresponse increases aggregating at least one response input.

In some embodiments, the method further includes retrieving evaluationdata and evaluating the generated response according to the retrievedevaluation data. In some embodiments, the method includes generating acommunicating connection to the user device. In some embodiments, themethod further includes: determining completion of content delivery tothe user device; and terminating the communicating connection with theuser device.

Further areas of applicability of the present disclosure will becomeapparent from the detailed description provided hereinafter. It shouldbe understood that the detailed description and specific examples, whileindicating various embodiments, are intended for purposes ofillustration only and are not intended to necessarily limit the scope ofthe disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present disclosure is described in conjunction with the appendedfigures:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing illustrating an example of a contentdistribution network.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a computer server and computingenvironment within a content distribution network.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of one or more datastore servers within a content distribution network.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of one or morecontent management servers within a content distribution network.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating the physical and logicalcomponents of a special-purpose computer device within a contentdistribution network.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of thecommunication network.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of user device andsupervisor device communication.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a process for datamanagement.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a process forevaluating a response.

FIG. 10 a schematic illustration of one embodiment of a deliverynetwork.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a process forpresenting content.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a process forcontent delivery initiation.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a first part of one embodiment of aprocess for content delivery.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a second part of one embodiment of aprocess for content delivery.

In the appended figures, similar components and/or features may have thesame reference label. Where the reference label is used in thespecification, the description is applicable to any one of the similarcomponents having the same reference label. Further, various componentsof the same type may be distinguished by following the reference labelby a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similarcomponents. If only the first reference label is used in thespecification, the description is applicable to any one of the similarcomponents having the same first reference label irrespective of thesecond reference label.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The ensuing description provides illustrative embodiment(s) only and isnot intended to limit the scope, applicability or configuration of thedisclosure. Rather, the ensuing description of the illustrativeembodiment(s) will provide those skilled in the art with an enablingdescription for implementing a preferred exemplary embodiment. It isunderstood that various changes can be made in the function andarrangement of elements without departing from the spirit and scope asset forth in the appended claims.

With reference now to FIG. 1, a block diagram is shown illustratingvarious components of a content distribution network (CDN) 100 whichimplements and supports certain embodiments and features describedherein. Content distribution network 100 may include one or more contentmanagement servers 102. As discussed below in more detail, contentmanagement servers 102 may be any desired type of server including, forexample, a rack server, a tower server, a miniature server, a bladeserver, a mini rack server, a mobile server, an ultra-dense server, asuper server, or the like, and may include various hardware components,for example, a motherboard, a processing units, memory systems, harddrives, network interfaces, power supplies, etc. Content managementserver 102 may include one or more server farms, clusters, or any otherappropriate arrangement and/or combination or computer servers. Contentmanagement server 102 may act according to stored instructions locatedin a memory subsystem of the server 102, and may run an operatingsystem, including any commercially available server operating systemand/or any other operating systems discussed herein.

The content distribution network 100 may include one or more data storeservers 104, such as database servers and file-based storage systems.The database servers 104 can access data that can be stored on a varietyof hardware components. These hardware components can include, forexample, components forming tier 0 storage, components forming tier 1storage, components forming tier 2 storage, and/or any other tier ofstorage. In some embodiments, tier 0 storage refers to storage that isthe fastest tier of storage in the database server 104, andparticularly, the tier 0 storage is the fastest storage that is not RAMor cache memory. In some embodiments, the tier 0 memory can be embodiedin solid state memory such as, for example, a solid-state drive (SSD)and/or flash memory.

In some embodiments, the tier 1 storage refers to storage that is one orseveral higher performing systems in the memory management system, andthat is relatively slower than tier 0 memory, and relatively faster thanother tiers of memory. The tier 1 memory can be one or several harddisks that can be, for example, high-performance hard disks. These harddisks can be one or both of physically or communicatingly connected suchas, for example, by one or several fiber channels. In some embodiments,the one or several disks can be arranged into a disk storage system, andspecifically can be arranged into an enterprise class disk storagesystem. The disk storage system can include any desired level ofredundancy to protect data stored therein, and in one embodiment, thedisk storage system can be made with grid architecture that createsparallelism for uniform allocation of system resources and balanced datadistribution.

In some embodiments, the tier 2 storage refers to storage that includesone or several relatively lower performing systems in the memorymanagement system, as compared to the tier 1 and tier 2 storages. Thus,tier 2 memory is relatively slower than tier 1 and tier 0 memories. Tier2 memory can include one or several SATA-drives or one or severalNL-SATA drives.

In some embodiments, the one or several hardware and/or softwarecomponents of the database server 104 can be arranged into one orseveral storage area networks (SAN), which one or several storage areanetworks can be one or several dedicated networks that provide access todata storage, and particularly that provides access to consolidated,block level data storage. A SAN typically has its own network of storagedevices that are generally not accessible through the local area network(LAN) by other devices. The SAN allows access to these devices in amanner such that these devices appear to be locally attached to the userdevice.

Data stores 104 may comprise stored data relevant to the functions ofthe content distribution network 100. Illustrative examples of datastores 104 that may be maintained in certain embodiments of the contentdistribution network 100 are described below in reference to FIG. 3. Insome embodiments, multiple data stores may reside on a single server104, either using the same storage components of server 104 or usingdifferent physical storage components to assure data security andintegrity between data stores. In other embodiments, each data store mayhave a separate dedicated data store server 104.

Content distribution network 100 also may include one or more userdevices 106 and/or administrator devices 110, also referred to herein assupervisor devices 110. User devices 106 and administrator devices 110may display content received via the content distribution network 100,and may support various types of user interactions with the content.User devices 106 and administrator devices 110 may include mobiledevices such as smartphones, tablet computers, personal digitalassistants, and wearable computing devices. Such mobile devices may runa variety of mobile operating systems, and may be enabled for Internet,e-mail, short message service (SMS), Bluetooth®, mobile radio-frequencyidentification (M-RFID), and/or other communication protocols. Otheruser devices 106 and administrator devices 110 may be general purposepersonal computers or special-purpose computing devices including, byway of example, personal computers, laptop computers, workstationcomputers, projection devices, and interactive room display systems.Additionally, user devices 106 and administrator devices 110 may be anyother electronic devices, such as a thin-client computers, anInternet-enabled gaming systems, business or home appliances, and/or apersonal not available to the other devices.

The user devices 106 and/or the administrator device(s) 110 can beco-located within, for example, a testing center 107, a location, anetwork such as a Local Area Network (LAN), or the like. In someembodiments, the testing center 107, including the user devices 106and/or the administrator device(s) 110, can be remote from othercomponents of the CDN 100, and can be in communicating connection withone or several other component of the CDN 100 via the communicationnetwork 120.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the content management server 102 may be incommunication with one or more additional servers, such as a contentserver 112, a user data server 112, and/or an administrator server 116.Each of these servers may include some or all of the same physical andlogical components as the content management server(s) 102, and in somecases, the hardware and software components of these servers 112-116 maybe incorporated into the content management server(s) 102, rather thanbeing implemented as separate computer servers.

Content server 112 may include hardware and software components togenerate, store, and maintain the content resources for distribution touser devices 106 and other devices in the network 100. For example, incontent distribution networks 100 used for professional training andeducational purposes, content server 112 may include data stores oftraining materials, presentations, plans, syllabi, reviews, evaluations,interactive programs and simulations, course models, course outlines,and various training interfaces that correspond to different materialsand/or different types of user devices 106. In content distributionnetworks 100 used for media distribution, interactive gaming, and thelike, a content server 112 may include media content files such asmusic, movies, television programming, games, and advertisements.

User data server 114 may include hardware and software components thatstore and process data for multiple users relating to each user'sactivities and usage of the content distribution network 100. Forexample, the content management server 102 may record and track eachuser's system usage, including their user device 106, content resourcesaccessed, and interactions with other user devices 106. This data may bestored and processed by the user data server 114, to support usertracking and analysis features. For instance, in the professionaltraining and educational contexts, the user data server 114 may storeand analyze each user's training materials viewed, presentationsattended, courses completed, interactions, evaluation results, and thelike. The user data server 114 may also include a repository foruser-generated material, such as evaluations and tests completed byusers, and documents and assignments prepared by users. In the contextof media distribution and interactive gaming, the user data server 114may store and process resource access data for multiple users (e.g.,content titles accessed, access times, data usage amounts, gaminghistories, user devices and device types, etc.).

Administrator server 116 may include hardware and software components toinitiate various administrative functions at the content managementserver 102 and other components within the content distribution network100. For example, the administrator server 116 may monitor device statusand performance for the various servers, data stores, and/or userdevices 106 in the content distribution network 100. When necessary, theadministrator server 116 may add or remove devices from the network 100,and perform device maintenance such as providing software updates to thedevices in the network 100. Various administrative tools on theadministrator server 116 may allow authorized users to set user accesspermissions to various content resources, monitor resource usage byusers and devices 106, and perform analyses and generate reports onspecific network users and/or devices (e.g., resource usage trackingreports, training evaluations, etc.).

The content distribution network 100 may include one or morecommunication networks 120. Although only a single network 120 isidentified in FIG. 1, the content distribution network 100 may includeany number of different communication networks between any of thecomputer servers and devices shown in FIG. 1 and/or other devicesdescribed herein. Communication networks 120 may enable communicationbetween the various computing devices, servers, and other components ofthe content distribution network 100. As discussed below, variousimplementations of content distribution networks 100 may employdifferent types of networks 120, for example, computer networks,telecommunications networks, wireless networks, and/or any combinationof these and/or other networks.

The content distribution network 100 may include one or severalnavigation systems or features including, for example, the GlobalPositioning System (“GPS”), GALILEO, or the like, or location systems orfeatures including, for example, one or several transceivers that candetermine location of the one or several components of the contentdistribution network 100 via, for example, triangulation. All of theseare depicted as navigation system 122.

In some embodiments, navigation system 122 can include or severalfeatures that can communicate with one or several components of thecontent distribution network 100 including, for example, with one orseveral of the user devices 106 and/or with one or several of theadministrator devices 110. In some embodiments, this communication caninclude the transmission of a signal from the navigation system 122which signal is received by one or several components of the contentdistribution network 100 and can be used to determine the location ofthe one or several components of the content distribution network 100.

With reference to FIG. 2, an illustrative distributed computingenvironment 200 is shown including a computer server 202, four clientcomputing devices 206, and other components that may implement certainembodiments and features described herein. In some embodiments, theserver 202 may correspond to the content management server 102 discussedabove in FIG. 1, and the client computing devices 206 may correspond tothe user devices 106. However, the computing environment 200 illustratedin FIG. 2 may correspond to any other combination of devices and serversconfigured to implement a client-server model or other distributedcomputing architecture.

Client devices 206 may be configured to receive and execute clientapplications over one or more networks 220. Such client applications maybe web browser based applications and/or standalone softwareapplications, such as mobile device applications. Server 202 may becommunicatively coupled with the client devices 206 via one or morecommunication networks 220. Client devices 206 may receive clientapplications from server 202 or from other application providers (e.g.,public or private application stores). Server 202 may be configured torun one or more server software applications or services, for example,web-based or cloud-based services, to support content distribution andinteraction with client devices 206. Users operating client devices 206may in turn utilize one or more client applications (e.g., virtualclient applications) to interact with server 202 to utilize the servicesprovided by these components.

Various different subsystems and/or components 204 may be implemented onserver 202. Users operating the client devices 206 may initiate one ormore client applications to use services provided by these subsystemsand components. The subsystems and components within the server 202 andclient devices 206 may be implemented in hardware, firmware, software,or combinations thereof. Various different system configurations arepossible in different distributed computing systems 200 and contentdistribution networks 100. The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is thus oneexample of a distributed computing system and is not intended to belimiting.

Although exemplary computing environment 200 is shown with four clientcomputing devices 206, any number of client computing devices may besupported. Other devices, such as specialized sensor devices, etc., mayinteract with client devices 206 and/or server 202.

As shown in FIG. 2, various security and integration components 208 maybe used to send and manage communications between the server 202 anduser devices 206 over one or more communication networks 220. Thesecurity and integration components 208 may include separate servers,such as web servers and/or authentication servers, and/or specializednetworking components, such as firewalls, routers, gateways, loadbalancers, and the like. In some cases, the security and integrationcomponents 208 may correspond to a set of dedicated hardware and/orsoftware operating at the same physical location and under the controlof same entities as server 202. For example, components 208 may includeone or more dedicated web servers and network hardware in a datacenteror a cloud infrastructure. In other examples, the security andintegration components 208 may correspond to separate hardware andsoftware components which may be operated at a separate physicallocation and/or by a separate entity.

Security and integration components 208 may implement various securityfeatures for data transmission and storage, such as authenticating usersand restricting access to unknown or unauthorized users. In variousimplementations, security and integration components 208 may provide,for example, a file-based integration scheme or a service-basedintegration scheme for transmitting data between the various devices inthe content distribution network 100. Security and integrationcomponents 208 also may use secure data transmission protocols and/orencryption for data transfers, for example, File Transfer Protocol(FTP), Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP), and/or Pretty Good Privacy(PGP) encryption.

In some embodiments, one or more web services may be implemented withinthe security and integration components 208 and/or elsewhere within thecontent distribution network 100. Such web services, includingcross-domain and/or cross-platform web services, may be developed forenterprise use in accordance with various web service standards, such asRESTful web services (i.e., services based on the Representation StateTransfer (REST) architectural style and constraints), and/or webservices designed in accordance with the Web Service Interoperability(WS-I) guidelines. Some web services may use the Secure Sockets Layer(SSL) or Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol to provide secureconnections between the server 202 and user devices 206. SSL or TLS mayuse HTTP or HTTPS to provide authentication and confidentiality. Inother examples, web services may be implemented using REST over HTTPSwith the OAuth open standard for authentication, or using theWS-Security standard which provides for secure SOAP messages using XMLencryption. In other examples, the security and integration components208 may include specialized hardware for providing secure web services.For example, security and integration components 208 may include securenetwork appliances having built-in features such as hardware-acceleratedSSL and HTTPS, WS-Security, and firewalls. Such specialized hardware maybe installed and configured in front of any web servers, so that anyexternal devices may communicate directly with the specialized hardware.

Communication network(s) 220 may be any type of network familiar tothose skilled in the art that can support data communications using anyof a variety of commercially-available protocols, including withoutlimitation, TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/Internet protocol),SNA (systems network architecture), IPX (Internet packet exchange),Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) or Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocols,Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Secure Hyper Text TransferProtocol (HTTPS), Bluetooth®, Near Field Communication (NFC), and thelike. Merely by way of example, network(s) 220 may be local areanetworks (LAN), such as one based on Ethernet, Token-Ring and/or thelike. Network(s) 220 also may be wide-area networks, such as theInternet. Networks 220 may include telecommunication networks such as apublic switched telephone networks (PSTNs), or virtual networks such asan intranet or an extranet. Infrared and wireless networks (e.g., usingthe Institute of Electrical and Electronics (IEEE) 802.11 protocol suiteor other wireless protocols) also may be included in networks 220.

Computing environment 200 also may include one or more data stores 210and/or back-end servers 212. In certain examples, the data stores 210may correspond to data store server(s) 104 discussed above in FIG. 1,and back-end servers 212 may correspond to the various back-end servers112-116. Data stores 210 and servers 212 may reside in the samedatacenter or may operate at a remote location from server 202. In somecases, one or more data stores 210 may reside on a non-transitorystorage medium within the server 202. Other data stores 210 and back-endservers 212 may be remote from server 202 and configured to communicatewith server 202 via one or more networks 220. In certain embodiments,data stores 210 and back-end servers 212 may reside in a storage-areanetwork (SAN), or may use storage-as-a-service (STaaS) architecturalmodel.

With reference to FIG. 3, an illustrative set of data stores and/or datastore servers is shown, corresponding to the data store servers 104 ofthe content distribution network 100 discussed above in FIG. 1. One ormore individual data stores 301-310 may reside in storage on a singlecomputer server 104 (or a single server farm or cluster) under thecontrol of a single entity, or may reside on separate servers operatedby different entities and/or at remote locations. In some embodiments,data stores 301-310 may be accessed by the content management server 102and/or other devices and servers within the network 100 (e.g., userdevices 106, administrator devices 110, administrator servers 116,etc.). Access to one or more of the data stores 301-310 may be limitedor denied based on the processes, user credentials, and/or devicesattempting to interact with the data store.

The paragraphs below describe examples of specific data stores that maybe implemented within some embodiments of a content distribution network100. It should be understood that the below descriptions of data stores301-310, including their functionality and types of data stored therein,are illustrative and non-limiting. Data stores server architecture,design, and the execution of specific data stores 301-310 may depend onthe context, size, and functional requirements of a content distributionnetwork 100. For example, in content distribution systems 100 used forprofessional training and educational purposes, separate databases orfile-based storage systems may be implemented in data store server(s)104 to store trainee and/or student data, trainer and/or professor data,training module data and content descriptions, training results,evaluation data, and the like. In contrast, in content distributionsystems 100 used for media distribution from content providers tosubscribers, separate data stores may be implemented in data storesserver(s) 104 to store listings of available content titles anddescriptions, content title usage statistics, subscriber profiles,account data, payment data, network usage statistics, etc.

A user profile data store 301, also referred to herein as a user profiledatabase 301, may include information relating to the end users withinthe content distribution network 100. This information may include usercharacteristics such as the user names, access credentials (e.g., loginsand passwords), user preferences, and information relating to anyprevious user interactions within the content distribution network 100(e.g., requested content, posted content, content modules completed,training scores or evaluations, other associated users, etc.). In someembodiments, this information can relate to one or several individualend users such as, for example, one or several students, contentauthors, teachers, administrators, or the like, and in some embodiments,this information can relate to one or several institutional end userssuch as, for example, one or several schools, groups of schools such asone or several school districts, one or several colleges, one or severaluniversities, one or several training providers, or the like. In someembodiments, this information can identify one or several usermemberships in one or several groups such as, for example, a student'smembership in a university, school, program, grade, course, class, orthe like.

In some embodiments, the user profile database 301 can includeinformation relating to a user's status, location, or the like. Thisinformation can identify, for example, a device a user is using, thelocation of that device, or the like. In some embodiments, thisinformation can be generated based on any location detection technologyincluding, for example, a navigation system 122, or the like.

Information relating to the user's status can identify, for example,logged-in status information that can indicate whether the user ispresently logged-in to the content distribution network 100 and/orwhether the log-in-is active. In some embodiments, the informationrelating to the user's status can identify whether the user is currentlyaccessing content and/or participating in an activity from the contentdistribution network 100.

In some embodiments, information relating to the user's status canidentify, for example, one or several attributes of the user'sinteraction with the content distribution network 100, and/or contentdistributed by the content distribution network 100. This can includedata identifying the user's interactions with the content distributionnetwork 100, the content consumed by the user through the contentdistribution network 100, or the like. In some embodiments, this caninclude data identifying the type of information accessed through thecontent distribution network 100 and/or the type of activity performedby the user via the content distribution network 100, the lapsed timesince the last time the user accessed content and/or participated in anactivity from the content distribution network 100, or the like. In someembodiments, this information can relate to a content program comprisingan aggregate of data, content, and/or activities, and can identify, forexample, progress through the content program, or through the aggregateof data, content, and/or activities forming the content program. In someembodiments, this information can track, for example, the amount of timesince participation in and/or completion of one or several types ofactivities, the amount of time since communication with one or severalsupervisors and/or administrator devices 110, or the like.

In some embodiments in which the one or several end users areindividuals, and specifically are students, the user profile database301 can further include information relating to these students' academicand/or educational history. This information can identify one or severalcourses of study that the student has initiated, completed, and/orpartially completed, as well as grades received in those courses ofstudy. In some embodiments, the student's academic and/or educationalhistory can further include information identifying student performanceon one or several tests, quizzes, and/or assignments. In someembodiments, this information can be stored in a tier of memory that isnot the fastest memory in the content delivery network 100.

The user profile database 301 can include information relating to one orseveral student learning preferences. In some embodiments, for example,the user, also referred to herein as the student or the student-user mayhave one or several preferred learning styles, one or several mosteffective learning styles, and/or the like. In some embodiments, thestudent's learning style can be any learning style describing how thestudent best learns or how the student prefers to learn. In oneembodiment, these learning styles can include, for example,identification of the student as an auditory learner, as a visuallearner, and/or as a tactile learner. In some embodiments, the dataidentifying one or several student learning styles can include dataidentifying a learning style based on the student's educational historysuch as, for example, identifying a student as an auditory learner whenthe student has received significantly higher grades and/or scores onassignments and/or in courses favorable to auditory learners. In someembodiments, this information can be stored in a tier of memory that isnot the fastest memory in the content delivery network 100.

In some embodiments, the user profile database 301 can includeinformation relating to one or several student-user behavioursincluding, for example: attendance in one or several courses; attendanceand/or participation in one or several study groups; extramural, studentgroup, and/or club involve and/or participation, or the like. In someembodiments, this information relating to one or several student-userbehaviours can include information relating to the student-usersschedule.

The user profile database 301 can further include information relatingto one or several teachers and/or instructors who are responsible fororganizing, presenting, and/or managing the presentation of informationto the student. In some embodiments, user profile database 301 caninclude information identifying courses and/or subjects that have beentaught by the teacher, data identifying courses and/or subjectscurrently taught by the teacher, and/or data identifying courses and/orsubjects that will be taught by the teacher. In some embodiments, thiscan include information relating to one or several teaching styles ofone or several teachers. In some embodiments, the user profile database301 can further include information indicating past evaluations and/orevaluation reports received by the teacher. In some embodiments, theuser profile database 301 can further include information relating toimprovement suggestions received by the teacher, training received bythe teacher, continuing education received by the teacher, and/or thelike. In some embodiments, this information can be stored in a tier ofmemory that is not the fastest memory in the content delivery network100.

An accounts data store 302, also referred to herein as an accountsdatabase 302, may generate and store account data for different users invarious roles within the content distribution network 100. For example,accounts may be created in an accounts data store 302 for individual endusers, supervisors, administrator users, and entities such as companiesor educational institutions. Account data may include account types,current account status, account characteristics, and any parameters,limits, restrictions associated with the accounts.

A content library data store 303, also referred to herein as a contentlibrary database 303, may include information describing the individualcontent items (or content resources or data packets) available via thecontent distribution network 100. In some embodiments, the library datastore 303 may include metadata, properties, and other characteristicsassociated with the content resources stored in the content server 112.Such data may identify one or more aspects or content attributes of theassociated content resources, for example, subject matter, access level,or skill level of the content resources, license attributes of thecontent resources (e.g., any limitations and/or restrictions on thelicensable use and/or distribution of the content resource), priceattributes of the content resources (e.g., a price and/or pricestructure for determining a payment amount for use or distribution ofthe content resource), rating attributes for the content resources(e.g., data indicating the evaluation or effectiveness of the contentresource), and the like. In some embodiments, the library data store 303may be configured to allow updating of content metadata or properties,and to allow the addition and/or removal of information relating to thecontent resources. For example, content relationships may be implementedas graph structures, which may be stored in the library data store 303or in an additional store for use by selection algorithms along with theother metadata.

In some embodiments, the content library database 303 can compriseinformation to facilitate in authoring new content. This information cancomprise, for example, one or several specifications identifyingattributes and/or requirements of desired newly authored content. Insome embodiments, for example, a content specification can identify oneor several of a subject matter; length, difficulty level, or the likefor desired newly authored content.

In some embodiments, the content library database 303 can furtherinclude information for use in evaluating newly authored content. Insome embodiments, this evaluation can comprise a determination ofwhether and/or the degree to which the newly authored contentcorresponds to the content specification, or some or all of therequirements of the content specification. In some embodiments, thisinformation for use in evaluation newly authored content can identify ordefine one or several difficulty levels and/or can identify or defineone or several acceptable difficulty levels. In some embodiments, forexample, this information for use in evaluation newly authored contentcan define a plurality of difficulty levels and can delineate betweenthese difficulty levels, and in some embodiments, this information foruse in evaluation newly authored content can identify which of thedefined difficulty levels are acceptable. In other embodiments, thisinformation for use in evaluation newly authored content can merelyinclude one or several definitions of acceptable difficulty levels,which acceptable difficulty level can be based on one or severalpre-existing difficult measures such as, for example, an Item ResponseTheory (IRT) value such as, for example, an IRT b value, a p valueindicative of the proportion of correct responses in a set of responses,a grade level, or the like.

In some embodiments, this information for use in evaluation newlyauthored content can further define one or several differentiationand/or discrimination levels and/or define one or several acceptabledifferentiation and/or discrimination levels or ranges. As used herein,“differentiation” and “discrimination” refer to the degree to which anitem such as a question identifies low ability versus high abilityusers. In some embodiments, this information for use in evaluation newlyauthored content can identify one or several acceptable levels and/orranges of discrimination which levels and/or ranges can be based on oneor several currently existing discrimination measures such as, forexample, a Point-Biserial Correlation.

A pricing data store 304 may include pricing information and/or pricingstructures for determining payment amounts for providing access to thecontent distribution network 100 and/or the individual content resourceswithin the network 100. In some cases, pricing may be determined basedon a user's access to the content distribution network 100, for example,a time-based subscription fee, or pricing based on network usage and/ortransaction volume. In other cases, pricing may be tied to specificcontent resources. Certain content resources may have associated pricinginformation, whereas other pricing determinations may be based on theresources accessed, the profiles and/or accounts of the user, and thedesired level of access (e.g., duration of access, network speed, etc.).Additionally, the pricing data store 304 may include informationrelating to compilation pricing for groups of content resources, such asgroup prices and/or price structures for groupings of resources.

A license data store 305 may include information relating to licensesand/or licensing of the content resources within the contentdistribution network 100. For example, the license data store 305 mayidentify licenses and licensing terms for individual content resourcesand/or compilations of content resources in the content server 112, therights holders for the content resources, and/or common or large-scaleright holder information such as contact information for rights holdersof content not included in the content server 112.

A content access data store 306 may include access rights and securityinformation for the content distribution network 100 and specificcontent resources. For example, the content access data store 306 mayinclude login information (e.g., user identifiers, logins, passwords,etc.) that can be verified during user login attempts to the network100. The content access data store 306 also may be used to storeassigned user roles and/or user levels of access. For example, a user'saccess level may correspond to the sets of content resources and/or theclient or server applications that the user is permitted to access.Certain users may be permitted or denied access to certain applicationsand resources based on their subscription level, training program,course/grade level, etc. Certain users may have supervisory access overone or more end users, allowing the supervisor to access all or portionsof the end user's content, activities, evaluations, etc. Additionally,certain users may have administrative access over some users and/or someapplications in the content management network 100, allowing such usersto add and remove user accounts, modify user access permissions, performmaintenance updates on software and servers, etc.

A source data store 307 may include information relating to the sourceof the content resources available via the content distribution network.For example, a source data store 307 may identify the authors andoriginating devices of content resources, previous pieces of data and/orgroups of data originating from the same authors or originating devices,and the like.

An evaluation data store 308 may include information used to direct theevaluation of users and content resources in the content managementnetwork 100. In some embodiments, the evaluation data store 308 maycontain, for example, the analysis criteria and the analysis guidelinesfor evaluating users (e.g., trainees/students, gaming users, mediacontent consumers, etc.) and/or for evaluating the content resources inthe network 100. The evaluation data store 308 also may includeinformation relating to evaluation processing tasks, for example, theidentification of users and user devices 106 that have received certaincontent resources or accessed certain applications, the status ofevaluations or evaluation histories for content resources, users, orapplications, and the like. Evaluation criteria may be stored in theevaluation data store 308 including data and/or instructions in the formof one or several electronic rubrics or scoring guides for use in theevaluation of the content, users, or applications. The evaluation datastore 308 also may include past evaluations and/or evaluation analysesfor users, content, and applications, including relative rankings,characterizations, explanations, and the like.

A model data store 309, also referred to herein as a model database 309can store information relating to one or several predictive models. Insome embodiments, these one or several predictive models can be used to:generate a prediction of the risk of a student-user not achieving one orseveral predetermined outcomes; generate a prediction of acategorization of the student-user, which categorization can indicate anexpected effect of one or several interventions on the student-user;and/or generate a prediction of a priority for any identifiedintervention.

In some embodiments, the risk model can comprise one or severalpredictive models based on, for example, one or several computerlearning techniques. In some embodiments, the risk model can be used togenerate a risk value for a student, which risk value characterizes therisk of the student-user not achieving the predetermined outcome suchas, for example, failing to complete a course or course of study,failing to graduate, failing to achieve a desired score or grade, or thelike. In some embodiments, the risk model can comprise, for example, adecision tree learning model. In some embodiments, the risk model cangenerate the risk value through the inputting of one or severalparameters, which parameters can be one or several values, into the riskmodel. These parameters can be generated based on one or severalfeatures or attributes of the student-user. The risk model, havingreceived the input parameters, can then generate the risk value.

In some embodiments, the categorization model can determine a categoryof the student-user. In some embodiments, the categorization model canbe used to generate one or several categorization values or identifiersthat identify a category of the student-user. In some embodiments, thiscategory can correspond to a likelihood of an intervention increasing ordecreasing the risk value. In some embodiments, the categories cancomprise a first category in which an intervention decreases the riskvalue, a second category in which an intervention increases the riskvalue, and a third category in which an intervention will not affect therisk value. In some embodiments, this third category can be furtherdivided into a first group in which the student-users will likely failto achieve the desired outcome regardless of intervention, and a secondgroup in which the student-users will likely achieve the desired outcomeregardless of intervention. In some embodiments, the categorizationmodel can determine the category of the student-user through the inputof one or several parameters relevant to the student-user into thecategorization model. In some embodiments, these parameters can begenerated from one or several features or attributes of the student-userthat can be, for example, extracted from data relating to thestudent-user.

In some embodiments, the priority model can determine a priority value,which can be a prediction of the importance of any determinedintervention. In some embodiments, this priority model can be determinedbased on information relating to the student-user for which the priorityvalue is determined. In some embodiments, this priority value can beimpacted by, for example, the value of the course associated with therisk value. In some embodiments, for example, the priority value mayindicate a lower priority for a risk in a non-essential course. In suchan embodiment, priority can be determined based on the credits of acourse, based on the relevance of a course to, for example, a degree ormajor, based on the role of the course as a pre-requisite to subsequentcourses, or the like.

In addition to the illustrative data stores described above, data storeserver(s) 104 (e.g., database servers, file-based storage servers, etc.)may include one or more external data aggregators 310. External dataaggregators 310 may include third-party data sources accessible to thecontent management network 100, but not maintained by the contentmanagement network 100. External data aggregators 310 may include anyelectronic information source relating to the users, content resources,or applications of the content distribution network 100. For example,external data aggregators 310 may be third-party data stores containingdemographic data, education related data, consumer sales data, healthrelated data, and the like. Illustrative external data aggregators 310may include, for example, social networking web servers, public recordsdata stores, learning management systems, educational institutionservers, business servers, consumer sales data stores, medical recorddata stores, etc. Data retrieved from various external data aggregators310 may be used to verify and update user account information, suggestuser content, and perform user and content evaluations.

With reference now to FIG. 4, a block diagram is shown illustrating anembodiment of one or more content management servers 102 within acontent distribution network 100. As discussed above, content managementserver(s) 102 may include various server hardware and softwarecomponents that manage the content resources within the contentdistribution network 100 and provide interactive and adaptive content tousers on various user devices 106. For example, content managementserver(s) 102 may provide instructions to and receive information fromthe other devices within the content distribution network 100, in orderto manage and transmit content resources, user data, and server orclient applications executing within the network 100.

A content management server 102 may include a content customizationsystem 402. The content customization system 402 may be implementedusing dedicated hardware within the content distribution network 100(e.g., a content customization server 402), or using designated hardwareand software resources within a shared content management server 102. Insome embodiments, the content customization system 402 may adjust theselection and adaptive capabilities of content resources to match theneeds and desires of the users receiving the content. For example, thecontent customization system 402 may query various data stores andservers 104 to retrieve user information, such as user preferences andcharacteristics (e.g., from a user profile data store 301), user accessrestrictions to content recourses (e.g., from a content access datastore 306), previous user results and content evaluations (e.g., from anevaluation data store 308), and the like. Based on the retrievedinformation from data stores 104 and other data sources, the contentcustomization system 402 may modify content resources for individualusers.

In some embodiments, the content management system 402 can include arecommendation engine, also referred to herein as an adaptiverecommendation engine. In some embodiments, the recommendation enginecan select one or several pieces of content, also referred to herein asdata packets, for providing to a user. These data packets can beselected based on, for example, the information retrieved from thedatabase server 104 including, for example, the user profile database301, the content library database 303, the model database 309, or thelike. In one embodiment, for example, the recommendation engine canretrieve information from the user profile database 301 identifying, forexample, a skill level of the user. The recommendation engine canfurther retrieve information from the content library database 303identifying, for example, potential data packets for providing to theuser and the difficulty of those data packets and/or the skill levelassociated with those data packets.

The recommendation engine can use the evidence model to generate aprediction of the likelihood of one or several users providing a desiredresponse to some or all of the potential data packets. In someembodiments, the recommendation engine can pair one or several datapackets with selection criteria that may be used to determine whichpacket should be delivered to a student-user based on one or severalreceived responses from that student-user. In some embodiments, one orseveral data packets can be eliminated from the pool of potential datapackets if the prediction indicates either too high a likelihood of adesired response or too low a likelihood of a desired response. In someembodiments, the recommendation engine can then apply one or severalselection criteria to the remaining potential data packets to select adata packet for providing to the user. These one or several selectioncriteria can be based on, for example, criteria relating to a desiredestimated time for receipt of response to the data packet, one orseveral content parameters, one or several assignment parameters, or thelike.

A content management server 102 also may include a user managementsystem 404. The user management system 404 may be implemented usingdedicated hardware within the content distribution network 100 (e.g., auser management server 404), or using designated hardware and softwareresources within a shared content management server 102. In someembodiments, the user management system 404 may monitor the progress ofusers through various types of content resources and groups, such asmedia compilations, courses or curriculums in training or educationalcontexts, interactive gaming environments, and the like. For example,the user management system 404 may query one or more databases and/ordata store servers 104 to retrieve user data such as associated contentcompilations or programs, content completion status, user goals,results, and the like.

A content management server 102 also may include an evaluation system406, also referred to herein as a response processor. The evaluationsystem 406 may be implemented using dedicated hardware within thecontent distribution network 100 (e.g., an evaluation server 406), orusing designated hardware and software resources within a shared contentmanagement server 102. The evaluation system 406 may be configured toreceive and analyze information from user devices 106. For example,various ratings of content resources submitted by users may be compiledand analyzed, and then stored in a data store (e.g., a content librarydata store 303 and/or evaluation data store 308) associated with thecontent. In some embodiments, the evaluation server 406 may analyze theinformation to determine the effectiveness or appropriateness of contentresources with, for example, a subject matter, an age group, a skilllevel, or the like. In some embodiments, the evaluation system 406 mayprovide updates to the content customization system 402 or the usermanagement system 404, with the attributes of one or more contentresources or groups of resources within the network 100. The evaluationsystem 406 also may receive and analyze user evaluation data from userdevices 106, administrator devices 110, and administrator servers 116,etc. For instance, evaluation system 406 may receive, aggregate, andanalyze user evaluation data for different types of users (e.g., endusers, supervisors, administrators, etc.) in different contexts (e.g.,media consumer ratings, trainee or student comprehension levels, teachereffectiveness levels, gamer skill levels, etc.).

In some embodiments, the evaluation system 406 can be further configuredto receive one or several responses from the user and to determinewhether the one or several response are correct responses, also referredto herein as desired responses, or are incorrect responses, alsoreferred to herein as undesired responses. In some embodiments, one orseveral values can be generated by the evaluation system 406 to reflectuser performance in responding to the one or several data packets. Insome embodiments, these one or several values can comprise one orseveral scores for one or several responses and/or data packets.

A content management server 102 also may include a content deliverysystem 408. The content delivery system 408 may be implemented usingdedicated hardware within the content distribution network 100 (e.g., acontent delivery server 408), or using designated hardware and softwareresources within a shared content management server 102. The contentdelivery system 408 can include a presentation engine that can be, forexample, a software module running on the content delivery system.

The content delivery system 408, also referred to herein as thepresentation module or the presentation engine, may receive contentresources from the content customization system 402 and/or from the usermanagement system 404, and provide the resources to user devices 106.The content delivery system 408 may determine the appropriatepresentation format for the content resources based on the usercharacteristics and preferences, and/or the device capabilities of userdevices 106. If needed, the content delivery system 408 may convert thecontent resources to the appropriate presentation format and/or compressthe content before transmission. In some embodiments, the contentdelivery system 408 may also determine the appropriate transmissionmedia and communication protocols for transmission of the contentresources.

In some embodiments, the content delivery system 408 may includespecialized security and integration hardware 410, along withcorresponding software components to implement the appropriate securityfeatures content transmission and storage, to provide the supportednetwork and client access models, and to support the performance andscalability requirements of the network 100. The security andintegration layer 410 may include some or all of the security andintegration components 208 discussed above in FIG. 2, and may controlthe transmission of content resources and other data, as well as thereceipt of requests and content interactions, to and from the userdevices 106, administrator devices 110, administrative servers 116, andother devices in the network 100.

With reference now to FIG. 5, a block diagram of an illustrativecomputer system is shown. The system 500 may correspond to any of thecomputing devices or servers of the content distribution network 100described above, or any other computing devices described herein, andspecifically can include, for example, one or several of the userdevices 106, the administrator device 110, and/or any of the servers102, 104, 108, 112, 114, 116. In this example, computer system 500includes processing units 504 that communicate with a number ofperipheral subsystems via a bus subsystem 502. These peripheralsubsystems include, for example, a storage subsystem 510, an I/Osubsystem 526, and a communications subsystem 532.

Bus subsystem 502 provides a mechanism for letting the variouscomponents and subsystems of computer system 500 communicate with eachother as intended. Although bus subsystem 502 is shown schematically asa single bus, alternative embodiments of the bus subsystem may utilizemultiple buses. Bus subsystem 502 may be any of several types of busstructures including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheralbus, and a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures. Sucharchitectures may include, for example, an Industry StandardArchitecture (ISA) bus, Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, EnhancedISA (EISA) bus, Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) localbus, and Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, which can beimplemented as a Mezzanine bus manufactured to the IEEE P1386.1standard.

Processing unit 504, which may be implemented as one or more integratedcircuits (e.g., a conventional microprocessor or microcontroller),controls the operation of computer system 500. One or more processors,including single core and/or multicore processors, may be included inprocessing unit 504. As shown in the figure, processing unit 504 may beimplemented as one or more independent processing units 506 and/or 508with single or multicore processors and processor caches included ineach processing unit. In other embodiments, processing unit 504 may alsobe implemented as a quad-core processing unit or larger multicoredesigns (e.g., hexa-core processors, octo-core processors, ten-coreprocessors, or greater.

Processing unit 504 may execute a variety of software processes embodiedin program code, and may maintain multiple concurrently executingprograms or processes. At any given time, some or all of the programcode to be executed can be resident in processor(s) 504 and/or instorage subsystem 510. In some embodiments, computer system 500 mayinclude one or more specialized processors, such as digital signalprocessors (DSPs), outboard processors, graphics processors,application-specific processors, and/or the like.

I/O subsystem 526 may include device controllers 528 for one or moreuser interface input devices and/or user interface output devices 530.User interface input and output devices 530 may be integral with thecomputer system 500 (e.g., integrated audio/video systems, and/ortouchscreen displays), or may be separate peripheral devices which areattachable/detachable from the computer system 500. The I/O subsystem526 may provide one or several outputs to a user by converting one orseveral electrical signals to user perceptible and/or interpretableform, and may receive one or several inputs from the user by generatingone or several electrical signals based on one or several user-causedinteractions with the I/O subsystem such as the depressing of a key orbutton, the moving of a mouse, the interaction with a touchscreen ortrackpad, the interaction of a sound wave with a microphone, or thelike.

Input devices 530 may include a keyboard, pointing devices such as amouse or trackball, a touchpad or touch screen incorporated into adisplay, a scroll wheel, a click wheel, a dial, a button, a switch, akeypad, audio input devices with voice command recognition systems,microphones, and other types of input devices. Input devices 530 mayalso include three dimensional (3D) mice, joysticks or pointing sticks,gamepads and graphic tablets, and audio/visual devices such as speakers,digital cameras, digital camcorders, portable media players, webcams,image scanners, fingerprint scanners, barcode reader 3D scanners, 3Dprinters, laser rangefinders, and eye gaze tracking devices. Additionalinput devices 530 may include, for example, motion sensing and/orgesture recognition devices that enable users to control and interactwith an input device through a natural user interface using gestures andspoken commands, eye gesture recognition devices that detect eyeactivity from users and transform the eye gestures as input into aninput device, voice recognition sensing devices that enable users tointeract with voice recognition systems through voice commands, medicalimaging input devices, MIDI keyboards, digital musical instruments, andthe like.

Output devices 530 may include one or more display subsystems, indicatorlights, or non-visual displays such as audio output devices, etc.Display subsystems may include, for example, cathode ray tube (CRT)displays, flat-panel devices, such as those using a liquid crystaldisplay (LCD) or plasma display, light-emitting diode (LED) displays,projection devices, touch screens, and the like. In general, use of theterm “output device” is intended to include all possible types ofdevices and mechanisms for outputting information from computer system500 to a user or other computer. For example, output devices 530 mayinclude, without limitation, a variety of display devices that visuallyconvey text, graphics and audio/video information such as monitors,printers, speakers, headphones, automotive navigation systems, plotters,voice output devices, and modems.

Computer system 500 may comprise one or more storage subsystems 510,comprising hardware and software components used for storing data andprogram instructions, such as system memory 518 and computer-readablestorage media 516. The system memory 518 and/or computer-readablestorage media 516 may store program instructions that are loadable andexecutable on processing units 504, as well as data generated during theexecution of these programs.

Depending on the configuration and type of computer system 500, systemmemory 318 may be stored in volatile memory (such as random accessmemory (RAM) 512) and/or in non-volatile storage drives 514 (such asread-only memory (ROM), flash memory, etc.) The RAM 512 may contain dataand/or program modules that are immediately accessible to and/orpresently being operated and executed by processing units 504. In someimplementations, system memory 518 may include multiple different typesof memory, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic randomaccess memory (DRAM). In some implementations, a basic input/outputsystem (BIOS), containing the basic routines that help to transferinformation between elements within computer system 500, such as duringstart-up, may typically be stored in the non-volatile storage drives514. By way of example, and not limitation, system memory 518 mayinclude application programs 520, such as client applications, Webbrowsers, mid-tier applications, server applications, etc., program data522, and an operating system 524.

Storage subsystem 510 also may provide one or more tangiblecomputer-readable storage media 516 for storing the basic programmingand data constructs that provide the functionality of some embodiments.Software (programs, code modules, instructions) that when executed by aprocessor provide the functionality described herein may be stored instorage subsystem 510. These software modules or instructions may beexecuted by processing units 504. Storage subsystem 510 may also providea repository for storing data used in accordance with the presentinvention.

Storage subsystem 300 may also include a computer-readable storage mediareader that can further be connected to computer-readable storage media516. Together and, optionally, in combination with system memory 518,computer-readable storage media 516 may comprehensively representremote, local, fixed, and/or removable storage devices plus storagemedia for temporarily and/or more permanently containing, storing,transmitting, and retrieving computer-readable information.

Computer-readable storage media 516 containing program code, or portionsof program code, may include any appropriate media known or used in theart, including storage media and communication media, such as but notlimited to, volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable mediaimplemented in any method or technology for storage and/or transmissionof information. This can include tangible computer-readable storagemedia such as RAM, ROM, electronically erasable programmable ROM(EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digitalversatile disk (DVD), or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes,magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices,or other tangible computer readable media. This can also includenontangible computer-readable media, such as data signals, datatransmissions, or any other medium which can be used to transmit thedesired information and which can be accessed by computer system 500.

By way of example, computer-readable storage media 516 may include ahard disk drive that reads from or writes to non-removable, nonvolatilemagnetic media, a magnetic disk drive that reads from or writes to aremovable, nonvolatile magnetic disk, and an optical disk drive thatreads from or writes to a removable, nonvolatile optical disk such as aCD ROM, DVD, and Blu-Ray® disk, or other optical media.Computer-readable storage media 516 may include, but is not limited to,Zip® drives, flash memory cards, universal serial bus (USB) flashdrives, secure digital (SD) cards, DVD disks, digital video tape, andthe like. Computer-readable storage media 516 may also include,solid-state drives (SSD) based on non-volatile memory such asflash-memory based SSDs, enterprise flash drives, solid state ROM, andthe like, SSDs based on volatile memory such as solid state RAM, dynamicRAM, static RAM, DRAM-based SSDs, magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM) SSDs, andhybrid SSDs that use a combination of DRAM and flash memory based SSDs.The disk drives and their associated computer-readable media may providenon-volatile storage of computer-readable instructions, data structures,program modules, and other data for computer system 500.

Communications subsystem 532 may provide a communication interface fromcomputer system 500 and external computing devices via one or morecommunication networks, including local area networks (LANs), wide areanetworks (WANs) (e.g., the Internet), and various wirelesstelecommunications networks. As illustrated in FIG. 5, thecommunications subsystem 532 may include, for example, one or morenetwork interface controllers (NICs) 534, such as Ethernet cards,Asynchronous Transfer Mode NICs, Token Ring NICs, and the like, as wellas one or more wireless communications interfaces 536, such as wirelessnetwork interface controllers (WNICs), wireless network adapters, andthe like. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the communications subsystem 532 mayinclude, for example, one or more location determining features 538 suchas one or several navigation system features and/or receivers, and thelike. Additionally and/or alternatively, the communications subsystem532 may include one or more modems (telephone, satellite, cable, ISDN),synchronous or asynchronous digital subscriber line (DSL) units,FireWire® interfaces, USB® interfaces, and the like. Communicationssubsystem 536 also may include radio frequency (RF) transceivercomponents for accessing wireless voice and/or data networks (e.g.,using cellular telephone technology, advanced data network technology,such as 3G, 4G or EDGE (enhanced data rates for global evolution), WiFi(IEEE 802.11 family standards, or other mobile communicationtechnologies, or any combination thereof), global positioning system(GPS) receiver components, and/or other components.

The various physical components of the communications subsystem 532 maybe detachable components coupled to the computer system 500 via acomputer network, a FireWire® bus, or the like, and/or may be physicallyintegrated onto a motherboard of the computer system 500. Communicationssubsystem 532 also may be implemented in whole or in part by software.

In some embodiments, communications subsystem 532 may also receive inputcommunication in the form of structured and/or unstructured data feeds,event streams, event updates, and the like, on behalf of one or moreusers who may use or access computer system 500. For example,communications subsystem 532 may be configured to receive data feeds inreal-time from users of social networks and/or other communicationservices, web feeds such as Rich Site Summary (RSS) feeds, and/orreal-time updates from one or more third party information sources(e.g., data aggregators 310). Additionally, communications subsystem 532may be configured to receive data in the form of continuous datastreams, which may include event streams of real-time events and/orevent updates (e.g., sensor data applications, financial tickers,network performance measuring tools, clickstream analysis tools,automobile traffic monitoring, etc.). Communications subsystem 532 mayoutput such structured and/or unstructured data feeds, event streams,event updates, and the like to one or more data stores 104 that may bein communication with one or more streaming data source computerscoupled to computer system 500.

Due to the ever-changing nature of computers and networks, thedescription of computer system 500 depicted in the figure is intendedonly as a specific example. Many other configurations having more orfewer components than the system depicted in the figure are possible.For example, customized hardware might also be used and/or particularelements might be implemented in hardware, firmware, software, or acombination. Further, connection to other computing devices, such asnetwork input/output devices, may be employed. Based on the disclosureand teachings provided herein, a person of ordinary skill in the artwill appreciate other ways and/or methods to implement the variousembodiments.

With reference now to FIG. 6, a block diagram illustrating oneembodiment of the communication network is shown. Specifically, FIG. 6depicts one hardware configuration in which messages are exchangedbetween a source hub 602 and a terminal hub 606 via the communicationnetwork 120 that can include one or several intermediate hubs 604. Insome embodiments, the source hub 602 can be any one or severalcomponents of the content distribution network generating and initiatingthe sending of a message, and the terminal hub 606 can be any one orseveral components of the content distribution network 100 receiving andnot re-sending the message. In some embodiments, for example, the sourcehub 602 can be one or several of the user device 106, the administratordevice 110, and/or the server 102, and the terminal hub 606 can likewisebe one or several of the user device 106, the administrator device 110,and/or the server 102. In some embodiments, the intermediate hubs 604can include any computing device that receives the message and resendsthe message to a next node.

As seen in FIG. 6, in some embodiments, each of the hubs 602, 604, 606can be communicatingly connected with the data store 104. In such anembodiments, some or all of the hubs 602, 604, 606 can send informationto the data store 104 identifying a received message and/or any sent orresent message. This information can, in some embodiments, be used todetermine the completeness of any sent and/or received messages and/orto verify the accuracy and completeness of any message received by theterminal hub 606.

In some embodiments, the communication network 120 can be formed by theintermediate hubs 604. In some embodiments, the communication network120 can comprise a single intermediate hub 604, and in some embodiments,the communication network 120 can comprise a plurality of intermediatehubs. In one embodiment, for example, and as depicted in FIG. 6, thecommunication network 120 includes a first intermediate hub 604-A and asecond intermediate hub 604-B.

With reference now to FIG. 7, a block diagram illustrating oneembodiment of user device 106 and administrator device 110 communicationis shown. In some embodiments, for example, a user may have multipledevices that can connect with the content distribution network 100 tosend or receive information. In some embodiments, for example, a usermay have a personal device such as a mobile device, a Smartphone, atablet, a Smartwatch, a laptop, a PC, or the like. In some embodiments,the other device can be any computing device in addition to the personaldevice. This other device can include, for example, a laptop, a PC, aSmartphone, a tablet, a Smartwatch, or the like. In some embodiments,the other device differs from the personal device in that the personaldevice is registered as such within the content distribution network 100and the other device is not registered as a personal device within thecontent distribution network 100.

Specifically with respect to FIG. 7, the user device 106 can include apersonal user device 106-A and one or several other user devices 106-B.In some embodiments, one or both of the personal user device 106-A andthe one or several other user devices 106-B can be communicatinglyconnected to the content management server 102 and/or to the navigationsystem 122. Similarly, the administrator device 110 can include apersonal administrator device 110-A and one or several otheradministrator devices 110-B. In some embodiments, one or both of thepersonal administrator device 110-A and the one or several otheradministrator devices 110-B can be communicatingly connected to thecontent management server 102 and/or to the navigation system 122.

In some embodiments, the content distribution network can send one ormore alerts to one or more user devices 106 and/or one or moreadministrator devices 110 via, for example, the communication network120. In some embodiments, the receipt of the alert can result in thelaunching of an application within the receiving device, and in someembodiments, the alert can include a link that, when selected, launchesthe application or navigates a web-browser of the device of the selectorof the link to page or portal associated with the alert.

In some embodiments, for example, the providing of this alert caninclude the identification of one or several user devices 106 and/orstudent-user accounts associated with the student-user and/or one orseveral administrator devices 110 and/or supervisor-user accountsassociated with the supervisor-user. After these one or several devices106, 110 and/or accounts have been identified, the providing of thisalert can include determining an active device of the devices 106, 110based on determining which of the devices 106, 110 and/or accounts areactively being used, and then providing the alert to that active device.

Specifically, if the user is actively using one of the devices 106, 110such as the other user device 106-B and the other administrator device110-B, and/or accounts, the alert can be provided to the user via thatother device 106-B, 110-B and/or account that is actively being used. Ifthe user is not actively using an other device 106-B, 110-B and/oraccount, a personal device 106-A, 110-A device, such as a smart phone ortablet, can be identified and the alert can be provided to this personaldevice 106-A, 110-A. In some embodiments, the alert can include code todirect the default device to provide an indicator of the received alertsuch as, for example, an aural, tactile, or visual indicator of receiptof the alert.

In some embodiments, the recipient device 106, 110 of the alert canprovide an indication of receipt of the alert. In some embodiments, thepresentation of the alert can include the control of the I/O subsystem526 to, for example, provide an aural, tactile, and/or visual indicatorof the alert and/or of the receipt of the alert. In some embodiments,this can include controlling a screen of the administrator device 110 todisplay the alert, data contained in alert and/or an indicator of thealert.

With reference now to FIG. 8, a flowchart illustrating one embodiment ofa process 440 for data management is shown. In some embodiments, theprocess 440 can be performed by the content management server 102, andmore specifically by the content delivery system 408 and/or by thepresentation module or presentation engine. The process 440 begins atblock 442, wherein a data packet is identified. In some embodiments, thedata packet can be a data packet for providing to a student-user, andthe data packet can be identified by determining which data packet tonext provide to the user such as the student-user. In some embodiments,this determination can be performed by the content customization engine402 and/or the recommendation engine.

After the data packet has been identified, the process 440 proceeds toblock 444, wherein the data packet is requested. In some embodiments,this can include the requesting of information relating to the datapacket such as the data forming the data packet. In some embodiments,this information can be requested from, for example, the content librarydatabase 303. After the data packet has been requested, the process 440proceeds to block 446, wherein the data packet is received. In someembodiments, the data packet can be received by the content deliverysystem 408 from, for example, the content library database 303.

After the data packet has been received, the process 440 proceeds toblock 448, wherein one or several data components are identified. Insome embodiments, for example, the data packet can include one orseveral data components which can, for example, contain different data.In some embodiments, one of these data components, referred to herein asa presentation component, can include content for providing to thestudent user, which content can include one or several requests and/orquestions and/or the like. In some embodiments, one of these datacomponents, referred to herein as a response component, can include dataused in evaluating one or several responses received from the userdevice 106 in response to the data packet, and specifically in responseto the presentation component and/or the one or several requests and/orquestions of the presentation component. Thus, in some embodiments, theresponse component of the data packet can be used to ascertain whetherthe user has provided a desired response or an undesired response.

After the data components have been identified, the process 440 proceedsto block 450, wherein a delivery data packet is identified. In someembodiments, the delivery data packet can include the one or severaldata components of the data packets for delivery to a user such as thestudent-user via the user device 106. In some embodiments, the deliverypacket can include the presentation component, and in some embodiments,the delivery packet can exclude the response packet. After the deliverydata packet has been generated, the process 440 proceeds to block 452,wherein the delivery data packet is provided to the user device 106 andmore specifically to the view module 674. In some embodiments, this caninclude providing the delivery data packet to the user device 106 via,for example, the communication network 120.

After the delivery data packet has been provided to the user device 106,the process 440 proceeds to block 454, wherein the data packet and/orone or several components thereof is sent to and/or provided to theresponse processor 678. In some embodiments, this sending of the datapacket and/or one or several components thereof to the responseprocessor can include receiving a response from the student-user, andsending the response to the student-user to the response processorsimultaneous with the sending of the data packet and/or one or severalcomponents thereof to the response processor. In some embodiments, forexample, this can include providing the response component to theresponse processor. In some embodiments, the response component can beprovided to the response processor from the content delivery system 408.

With reference now to FIG. 9, a flowchart illustrating one embodiment ofa process 460 for evaluating a response is shown. In some embodiments,the process can be performed by the evaluation system 406. In someembodiments, the process 460 can be performed by the evaluation system406 in response to the receipt of a response, either directly orindirectly, from the user device 106.

The process 460 begins at block 462, wherein a response is receivedfrom, for example, the user device 106 via, for example, thecommunication network 120. After the response has been received, theprocess 460 proceeds to block 464, wherein the data packet associatedwith the response is received. In some embodiments, this can includereceiving all or one or several components of the data packet such as,for example, the response component of the data packet. In someembodiments, the data packet can be received by the response processorfrom the presentation engine.

After the data packet has been received, the process 460 proceeds toblock 466, wherein the response type is identified. In some embodiments,this identification can be performed based on data, such as metadataassociated with the response. In other embodiments, this identificationcan be performed based on data packet information such as the responsecomponent.

In some embodiments, the response type can identify one or severalattributes of the one or several requests and/or questions of the datapacket such as, for example, the request and/or question type. In someembodiments, this can include identifying some or all of the one orseveral requests and/or questions as true/false, multiple choice, shortanswer, essay, or the like.

After the response type has been identified, the process 460 proceeds toblock 468, wherein the data packet and the response are compared todetermine whether the response comprises a desired response and/or anundesired response. In some embodiments, this can include comparing thereceived response and the data packet to determine if the receivedresponse matches all or portions of the response component of the datapacket, to determine the degree to which the received response matchesall or portions of the response component, to determine the degree towhich the receive response embodies one or several qualities identifiedin the response component of the data packet, or the like. In someembodiments, this can include classifying the response according to oneor several rules. In some embodiments, these rules can be used toclassify the response as either desired or undesired. In someembodiments, these rules can be used to identify one or several errorsand/or misconceptions evidenced in the response. In some embodiments,this can include, for example: use of natural language processingsoftware and/or algorithms; use of one or several digital thesauruses;use of lemmatization software, dictionaries, and/or algorithms; or thelike.

After the data packet and the response have been compared, the process460 proceeds to block 470 wherein response desirability is determined.In some embodiments this can include, based on the result of thecomparison of the data packet and the response, whether the response isa desired response or is an undesired response. In some embodiments,this can further include quantifying the degree to which the response isa desired response. This determination can include, for example,determining if the response is a correct response, an incorrectresponse, a partially correct response, or the like. In someembodiments, the determination of response desirability can include thegeneration of a value characterizing the response desirability and thestoring of this value in one of the databases 104 such as, for example,the user profile database 301. After the response desirability has beendetermined, the process 460 proceeds to block 472, wherein an assessmentvalue is generated. In some embodiments, the assessment value can be anaggregate value characterizing response desirability for one or more aplurality of responses. This assessment value can be stored in one ofthe databases 104 such as the user profile database 301.

With reference now to FIG. 10, a schematic illustration of oneembodiment of the content distribution network 100, and specifically ofa delivery network 800 is shown. In some embodiments, the deliverynetwork 800 can be configured to securely deliver content to a userdevice 106 and to securely receive inputs from the user device 106. Insome embodiments, for example, this content can comprise one or severalquestions forming one or several tests. Delivery of the content and/orcontent authorship or maintenance according to the methods and systemsdisclosed herein can increase content security by preventinginterception of meaningful test or question data transmitted to the userdevice, the interception of meaningful answer data transmitted from theuser device, and/or the scraping of screens within the user device 106.

The delivery network includes the user device(s) 106 and theadministrator device(s) 110 located in a testing center 107. The devices106, 110 are each in communicating connection with the cloud 802 whichcan represent one or several cloud computing services and/or cloudcomputing. The delivery network 800 can comprise one or several servers804 and one or several databases 806, which can be in communicatingconnection with the devices 106, 110 such as via, for example, the acommunication network 120 via the internet. In some embodiments, the oneor several servers 804 and/or one or several databases 806 can belocated in the cloud 802.

As seen in FIG. 10, the user device 106 can comprise a first virtualmachine 801 launched within the user device 106, and more specificallythat can be launched and/or operating within an operating system of theuser device 106. The user device 106 can further comprise a secondvirtual machine 803 launched and/or operating within the first virtualmachine 801. As used herein, a virtual machine is an emulation of acomputer system that can be, for example, based on a computerarchitecture and provide functionality of a physical computer. One orboth of the virtual machines 801, 803 can be a system virtual machine(fully virtualization virtual machine), or a process virtual machine.

In some embodiments, one or both of the first and second virtualmachines 801, 803 can include an ecosystem adapter that can be, forexample, a non-persistent ecosystem adapter. The ecosystem adapter canbe configured to establish and maintain an authorized client connectionbetween the user device 106 and the content driver 808 and/or the cloud802. In some embodiments, this connection can connect an unmanaged userdevice 106 and the managed cloud 802 host environments. In someembodiments, this adapter can include software and/or functionalityconfigured to create and/or allow communication via a User DatagramProtocol (UDP) such as a remote display protocol including, for example,PCoIP®, redirection of signals to and from the I/O subsystem 526 toallow the content driver 808 and/or the cloud 802 to control all orportions of: the I/O subsystem 526, software containing the first andsecond virtual machines 801, 803, or the like.

The inclusion of the virtual machines 801, 803 can increase the securityof the content delivered to the user device 106. Specifically, in someembodiments, each of the first and second virtual machines can includefeatures, capabilities, and/or software capable of performing one orseveral desired content delivery functions, and neither the first norsecond virtual machines 801, 803 include features, capabilities, and/orsoftware capable of performing any function unrelated to one or severaldesired content delivery functions and/or capable of facilitating inaccessing, stealing, and/or corrupting delivered content. By controllingthe capabilities of the first and second virtual machines 801, 803, theability of a user of the user device 106 to access, corrupt, and/orsteal delivered content is minimized. Further, because the secondvirtual machine 803 operates within the first virtual machine 801, thesecond virtual machine 803 is insulated and/or protected from anysoftware, feature, capability, function, or the like of the user device106.

In some embodiments, for example, the operation of the second virtualmachine 803 within the first virtual machine 801 can prevent datascraping including, for example, screen scraping and/or screen recordingof the second virtual machine 803 from the user device 106. In the eventthat such an attempt was made, the data scraping attempt would onlycollect data delivered to the first virtual machine 801. Morespecifically, in the event of an attempt at screen scraping of deliveredcontent launched from the user device 106, the result in the scraping ofthe display of the first virtual machine 801, which display wouldinclude no delivered content, but could, in some embodiments, provideonly a black image. Thus, the use of the second virtual machine 803within the first virtual machine 801 insulates the content delivered toand via the second virtual machine from functions, capabilities,operations, software, or the like of the user device 106. Further, asthe functions, capabilities, operations, software, or the like of thefirst virtual machine 801 can be controlled, the ability to accessdelivered content via the first virtual machine 801 can be limited.

In some embodiments, the first and second virtual servers 801, 803 canbe configured for remote update by, for example, the one or severalservers 804. In some embodiments, the first and second virtual servers801, 803 can be further configured to allow modification and/oroperation of the user device 106 upon which the first and second virtualservers 801, 803 operate.

The one or several servers 804 can comprise any of the servers 102, 112,114, 116 shown in FIG. 1, or the one or several servers 804 can bedifferent than the servers 102, 112, 114, 116 shown in FIG. 1. In someembodiments, the one or several servers 804 can send and receive signalsfrom other components of the delivery network 800 and perform one orseveral processing tasks according to computer code that can be, forexample, stored in memory in communication with the one or severalservers 804, or included in the one or several servers 804.

The one or several databases 806 can comprise the same or similarcomponents as the database server 104. In some embodiments, the one orseveral databases 806 can be located in the cloud 802. The one orseveral databases can include content for presentation to a user via oneor several user devices 106.

The delivery network 800 can include a content driver 808 that can be,for example, a launch test driver. In some embodiments, the contentdriver 808 can be a hardware or software module. In embodiments in whichthe content driver 808 is a software module, the content driver 808 canreside on and/or be implemented by the one or several servers 804. Insome embodiments, the content driver 808 can be located in the cloud.

The content driver 808 can be configured to direct and/or control thedelivery of content to the testing center 107. In some embodiments, thecontent driver directs and/or controls the delivery of content to theuser device 106, and specifically to the second virtual machine 803operating on the user device 106. Advantageously, delivery of content tothe second virtual machine prevent the use of any software orfunctionality of the user device 106 being used to steal or access thedelivered content. In some embodiments, the content driver 808 can beconfigured to receive a request for accessing of a test, control theuser device 106 to launch one or several virtual machines, identify atest for delivery, select a question for delivery, generate an imagebased on the selected question, and transmit pixel data to the userdevice based on the generated image. The content driver 808 can furtherreceive signals corresponding to one or several user inputs at the userdevice 106, and the content driver 808 can form one or several responsesand/or answers from these received signals. In some embodiments, thecontent driver 808 can identify and/or retrieve one or several testsand/or one or several questions from the database 806.

The delivery network 800 can further include an evaluation module 810.In some embodiments, the evaluation module 810 can be a hardware orsoftware module. In embodiments in which the evaluation module 810 is asoftware module, the evaluation module 810 can reside on and/or beimplemented by the one or several servers 804. In some embodiments, theevaluation module 810 can be located in the cloud 802.

The evaluation module 810 can be receive response and/or answerinformation from the content driver 808 and can evaluate the receivedresponse and/or answer information. In some embodiments, this caninclude, for example, determining whether the received response and/oranswer information corresponds to a correct and/or desired responseand/or answer, or alternatively determining whether the receivedresponse and/or answer information corresponds to an incorrect responseand/or answer. In some embodiments, this can include retrievingevaluation information associated with the question corresponding to thereceived answer and/or response from the database 806. In someembodiments, for example, the evaluation module 810 can receive datacorresponding to a response and/or answer, and can compare the receiveddata to evaluation information received and/or retrieved from thedatabase 806. The evaluation module 810 can generate a score for thereceived response and/or answer based on the comparison of the receiveddata and the evaluation information. This score can be associated withthe user who provided the response and/or answer.

In some embodiments, one or both of the content driver 808 and theevaluation module 810 can reside within a pair of virtual machinescomprising a first machine 801 and a second machine 803 operating insideof the first virtual machine 801. In some embodiments, when content isbeing delivered from the content driver 808 to the user device 106, thecommunication can be between the pair of virtual machines containing oneor both of the content driver 808 and the evaluation module 810, andspecifically, the second virtual machine 803 of the pair of virtualmachines, and the second virtual machine 803 of the user device. In someembodiments, this communication can be via a layered protocol model suchas OSI or TCP/IP, or via a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) such as a remotedisplay protocol including, for example PCoIP®.

The delivery network 800 can further include a backend system 812. Insome embodiments, content for delivery to the testing center 107, andspecifically to the user device 106 in the testing center can begenerated in the backend system 812 and can then be provided by thebackend system 812 to the cloud 802 and/or the one or several servers804 and the database 806. In some embodiments, the backend system 812can include a backend server 814 that can be one or several of theservers 102, 112, 114, 116 shown in FIG. 1, and a backend database 816that can be the database server 104 shown in FIG. 1, or the like. Thebackend database 816 can be in communicating connection with the cloud802 such that content stored in the cloud 802, and specifically in thedatabase 806 can be received from the backend system 812, andspecifically from the backend database 816.

The backend system 812 can further include a creation network 818. Insome embodiments, the creation network 818 can be a portion of thebackend system 812 in which content is generated, created, and/oredited. In some embodiments, the creation network 818 can comprise oneor several workstations, servers, databases, memory, or the like thatcan be used by one or several content authors to create, generate, edit,and/or store new content. The content generated by the creation network818 can be stored in the database 816. In some embodiments, thiscreation network can communicate with the database 816 and/or componentsof the cloud 802 via a layered protocol model such as OSI or TCP/IP, orvia a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) such as a remote display protocolincluding, for example PCoIP In such embodiments, this communicationprotocol can increase security of communications in the authoring ofcontent.

With reference now to FIG. 11, a flowchart illustrating one embodimentof a process 900 for presenting content is shown. In some embodiments,the process 900 can be performed by one or several components of thedelivery network 800 including the user device 106.

The process 900 begins at block 902, wherein a launch signal isreceived. In some embodiments, the launch signal can be received by theuser device 106 from the cloud 802 and/or from the content driver 808.After the launch signal has been received, the process 900 proceeds toblock 904, wherein the first virtual machine 801 is launched. In someembodiments, the first virtual machine 801 can be launched in the userdevice 106, and specifically within the operating system of the userdevice 106.

After the first virtual machine 801 has been launched, the process 900proceeds to block 906, wherein the second virtual machine 803 islaunched. In some embodiments, the second virtual machine 803 can belaunched in the first virtual machine 801 and/or from the operatingsystem of the first virtual machine 801. As part of the launch of thesecond virtual machine 803, a communicating connection can beestablished between the user device 106 and the cloud 802, and/orbetween the user device 106 and the content driver 808. In someembodiments, this communication connection can be established betweenthe content driver 808 and the second virtual machine 803. Thisconnection can be a secure connection and/or a connection based on alayered protocol model such as those of the OSI or TCP/IP protocolsuite, or via a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) such as a remote displayprotocol including, for example, PCoIP®.

After the second virtual machine 803 has been launched, the process 900proceeds to block 908, wherein pixel data is received at the secondvirtual machine 803. In some embodiments, this pixel data can bereceived from the content driver 808 via the connection based on thelayered protocol model or via a UDP. In some embodiments, this pixeldata can include data identifying one or several pixels and data controlthe illumination of that pixel such as, for example, the color and/orbrightness of that pixel. In some embodiments, the pixel data cancomprise encoded pixel data.

After the pixel data has been received, the process 900 proceeds toblock 910, wherein an image is formed and/or displayed based on thereceived pixel data. In some embodiments this can include, for example,the decoding of the received pixel data by the second virtual machine803, the generation of one or several signals to control the displayand/or screen associated with the second virtual machine 803 based onthe pixel data, and the controlling of the display and/or screen withthese one or several signals to display and/or form an image based onthe pixel data.

After the image has been displayed and/or formed, the process 900proceeds to block 912, wherein a user input signal is received. In someembodiments, this user input signal can be received via, for example, akeyboard, mouse, touchscreen, microphone, or the like associated withthe user device 106 and/or via the I/O subsystem 526 of the user device.In some embodiments, this user input signal can be received in responseto the formed and/or displayed image. In embodiments in which thecontent provided to the user device comprises a test, the received userinput can correspond to an input to start, stop, or advance the testand/or to an answer to a question or prompt in the test.

After the user input signal has been received, the process 900 proceedsto block 914, wherein the user input signal is relayed to the contentdriver 808 and/or to the evaluation module 810. In some embodiments, thecontent driver 808 and/or the evaluation module 810 can generate aresponse based on one or several received user input signals and canthen evaluate that response.

With reference now to FIG. 12, a flowchart illustrating one embodimentof a process 1000 for content delivery initiation is shown. The process1000 can be performed by all or portions of the delivery network 800 andspecifically by all or portions of the cloud 802, the server 804, and/orthe content driver 808. In some embodiments, the performing of process1000 can result in the initiation of content delivery to a user device106.

The process 1000 begins at block 1002 wherein a connection request isreceived. In some embodiments, the connection request can be received atthe cloud 802 by, for example, the server 804 and/or the content driver808. In some embodiments, the connection request can be received fromthe supervisor device 110. After the connection request has beenreceived, the process 1000 proceeds to block 1004 wherein authenticationinformation is received. In some embodiments, the authenticationinformation can be received from the supervisor device 110 at the cloud802 by, for example, the server 804 and/or the content driver 808. Insome embodiments, the authentication information can include informationwhereby the user of the supervisor device 110 can be authenticatedand/or whereby the supervisor device can be authenticated. In someembodiments this can include, for example, the providing of informationidentifying the user of the supervisor device such as, for example, alogin, password, a username, a unique user identifier, or the like. Insome embodiments, information whereby the supervisor device 110 can beauthenticated can include, for example, a device identifier including,for example, an identifier based on one or several attributes of thesupervisor device 100 such as, for example, a hash value. In someembodiments, communication between the test center 107 and the cloud 802or components thereof can be performed via the communication network120.

After the authentication information has been received, the process 1000proceeds to decision state 1006 wherein it is determined if theauthentication is successful. In some embodiments, this can include thedetermination by the server 800 for and/or the content driver 808whether the received authentication information identifies a valid userand/or supervisor device 110. If it is determined that theauthentication is unsuccessful, than the process 1000 proceeds to block1008 and the communication between the cloud 802 and/or components ofthe cloud 802 and the testing center 107 including the supervisor device110 is terminated.

Returning again to decision state 1006, if the authentication issuccessful, then the process 1000 proceeds to decision state 1010wherein it is determined if the connection request is received from thesupervisor device 110. In some embodiments, this can include determiningwhether the authentication information identifies a supervisor device110 or the user device 106. If it is determined that the connectionrequest is received from the supervisor device 110, than the process1000 proceeds to block 1012 wherein the check in process is launched. Insome embodiments, the check in process can include a process whereby anintended recipient of content is identified and checked in so thatcontent intended for that recipient can be provided. The check-inprocess can be launched by the cloud 802 or components thereof includingthe server 804 and/or the content driver 808.

In some embodiments, the launching of the check-in process can includerequesting check-in data from the supervisor device 110, and morespecifically sending a request for check-in data to the supervisordevice 110. In some embodiments, this check-in data can include, forexample, a photograph of the intended recipient, a signature of theintended recipient, the name of the intended recipient, biometric dataassociated with the intended recipient such as, for example, a palm veintemplate, or the like. As used herein, a palm vein template refers toone or several values or character strings, such as a hash, generatedbased on a pattern of veins or vessels in a portion of the intendedrecipient's body such as, for example, in the palm of the intendedrecipient's body. In some embodiments, the request for check-in data canbe sent in the form of encoded pixel data that can be converted into animage on a display of supervisor device 106. Specifically, in someembodiments, a template, including a palm vein template can be sent fromthe supervisor device 110 to all or portions of the cloud 802 includingthe server 804 and/or the content driver 808. A template can be anencrypted binary file that can be, for example, transmitted via acommunication such as via a tunneled communication.

After the check-in process has been launched, the process 1000 proceedsto block 1014 wherein the check-in data is received. In someembodiments, the check-in data can be received by the cloud 802 and/orthe components thereof such as the server 804 and/or the content driver808 from, for example, the supervisor device 110. In some embodiments,the check-in data is received as one or several electrical signalscorresponding to user inputs to the supervisor device and/or two devicesattached to the supervisor device. In some embodiments, the check-indata can comprise, data corresponding to a photograph of the intendedrecipient, data corresponding to a signature of the recipient, datacorresponding to the name of the intended recipient, data correspondingto a biometric measure, such as, for example, a palm vein of theintended recipient, or the like. In embodiments in which the check-indata comprises a palm vein template, the palm vein template can becompared to a database of palm vein templates to determine and/orvalidate the identity of the intended recipient.

After the check-in data has been received, the process 1000 proceeds todecision state 1016 wherein it is determined if the check-in is valid.In some embodiments, this can include comparing the received check-indata to data previously received and identifying the intended user. Insome embodiments, for example, content delivery, such as a test, isscheduled for a user, check-in data for that user can be gathered andstored in, for example, the database 806. After the check-in data hasbeen received at block 1014, this newly received check-in data can becompared to the previously stored check-in data. If there is not a matchbetween the newly received check-in data in the previously storedcheck-in data, then the check-in is invalid and the process 1000proceeds to block 1018 wherein the connection is terminated and/orwherein a notification is provided to the content will not be delivered.

Returning again to decision state 1016, if it is determined that thecheck-in is valid, then the process 1000 proceeds to block 1020 whereinthe content driver is launched. In some embodiments, the content drivercan be launched in receipt to a launch signal by the content driver. Insome embodiments, the launching of the content driver can include theidentification of a user device for which the content driver islaunched. In some embodiments, the launching of the content driver 808can further include associating a value with one or several of the userand/or the user device 106 for which the content driver 808 is launched.In some embodiments, this value can be stored in the database 806. Insome embodiments, the launching of the content driver can furtherinclude the generating of signals directing the launch of the first andsecond virtual machines by the user device 106.

Returning again to decision state 1010, if it is determined that theconnection request is not received from the supervisor device 1010, thenthe process 1000 proceeds to block 1022 and continues to block 1102 ofFIG. 11.

With reference now to FIGS. 13 and 14, a flowchart illustrating oneembodiment of a process 1100 for content delivery is shown. The process1100 can be performed by all or portions of the delivery network 800 andspecifically by all or portions of the cloud 802, the server 804, and/orthe content driver 808. In some embodiments, the performing of process1100 can result in the secure delivery of content to the user of theuser device 106 and the secure receipt of user input from the user ofthe user device 106.

The process 1100 begins a block 1102 wherein it is determined if theconnection request received in block 1002 was received from the userdevice 106, also referred to herein as the content device. In someembodiments, this determination can be made based on the authenticationinformation received in block 1004. If it is determined that theconnection request is not received from the user device 106, then theprocess 1100 proceeds to block 1104, wherein the connection isterminated.

Returning again to decision state 1102, if it is determined that theconnection request is received from the user device 106, than theprocess 1100 proceeds to decision state 1106 wherein it is determined ifthe content driver 808 has been launched. In some embodiments, this caninclude determining whether the content driver 808 has been launchedaccording to the step of block 1020. In some embodiments thedetermination of whether the content driver 808 has been launched caninclude determining whether a value indicative of the launch of thecontent driver 808 for the user and/or user device 106 is stored in thedatabase 806. If it is determined that the content driver has not beenlaunched, than the process 1100 proceeds to block 1104 wherein theconnection with the user device 106 is terminated.

Returning again to decision state 1106, if it is determined that thecontent driver has been launched, than the process 1100 proceeds toblock 1108 wherein content for delivery to the user of the user device106 is selected. In some embodiments, this can include retrievinginformation from the database 806 identifying content for delivery tothe user of the user device 106 and/or retrieving the content fordelivery to the user of the user device 106 from the database. In someembodiments, this content can comprise a test, a quiz, or the like.

After the content for delivery to the user of the user device has beenselected, the process 1100 proceeds to block 1110 wherein a subset ofthat content is identified and/or selected. In embodiments in which thecontent comprises a test, the subset of content can comprise one orseveral questions in that test. In some embodiments, these one orseveral questions can be selected from a plurality of questionsassociated with the test based on, for example, the skill level orexpected skill level of the user, a predetermined sequence or ordering,or these one or several questions can be randomly selected from aplurality of questions associated with the test.

After the subset of content has been selected, the process 1100 proceedsto block 1112 wherein an image for the subset of content is determinedand/or generated. In some embodiments, this can include generating theimage for display to the user by the user device 106. In someembodiments, this generated image can be based on information receivedfrom the user device 106 such as, for example, the size and/or aspectratio of the display, screen, or monitor of the user device 106, thecolor settings, color capabilities and/or resolution of the user device106, or the like. In some embodiments, the image can be generated so asto properly display by the user device 106 based on this informationreceived from the user device 106.

After the image has been generated, the process 1100 proceeds to block1114 wherein pixel data is generated. In some embodiments, this pixeldata can be generated for some or all of the pixels in the imagegenerated in block 1112. In some embodiments, the pixel data cancomprise data indicating one or several desired illumination aspects forthe associated pixel including, for example, color, brightness, or thelike. In some embodiments, the pixel data can be encoded and/orencrypted, which encoding and/or encryption can be performed accordingto one or several known pixel encoding schemes. In some embodiments, thepixel data can be encoded and/or encrypted with a codec located at thecontent driver 808, and can be subsequently decoded, upon receipt by theuser device 106 by a codec on the user device 106, and specifically by acodec located in the second virtual machine 803 on the user device 106.

After the pixel data has been generated the process 1100 proceeds toblock 1116 wherein the pixel data is sent by the content driver 808 tothe user device 106. In some embodiments, this pixel data can bespecifically sent from the content driver 808 to the second virtualmachine 803 of the user device 106. In some embodiments, the pixel datacan be sent by the content driver 808 via a layered protocol model orvia a UDP. In some embodiments, the second virtual machine 803 canreceive the pixel data and can generate an image based on the pixel dataand display the image to the user of the user device 106 via the I/Osubsystem 526.

After the pixel data has been sent, the process 1100 proceeds to block1118 wherein one or several response inputs and/or response signals arereceived from the user device 106 and specifically from the secondvirtual machine 803. In some embodiments, these response inputs and/orresponse signals correspond to user inputs received by the I/O subsystem526 of the user device 106. These response signals and/or responseinputs can be received by the content driver 808 via a layered protocolmodel or via a UDP. In some embodiments, these response signals can becommunicated via re-direct software of the user device, which redirectsoftware can allow the remote control of components of the I/O subsystem526 of the user device. After the response inputs have been received,the process 1100 proceeds to block 1120 and continues to block 1122 ofFIG. 14.

At block 1122, one or several responses are generated from the responseinputs and/or response signals received in block 1118. In someembodiments, this can be performed by the content driver 808. In someembodiments, the generated response can be provided to the evaluationmodule 810. In some embodiments, the generation of the response caninclude the aggregation of one or several response inputs and thestorage of those one or several response inputs. In some embodiments,the generation of the response can include the determining of an effectof those one or several response inputs on one or several fields, icons,buttons, or the like in a user interface. In some embodiments, forexample, the response input can comprise an input with a mouse or trackpad and the click of a mouse or trackpad button. These inputs can beoverlaid on one or several icons, fields, buttons, or the like displayedto the user at the time of the generation of the response inputs. Thisoverlaying can be used to determine the response by the user, whichresponse can be, for example, the selecting and/or clicking of a button,the selecting of a field and the entry of text in that selected field,selection of one or several words, images, text or text strings, or thelike.

After one or several responses have been generated, the process 1100proceeds block 1124 wherein evaluation data is retrieved. In someembodiments, for example, the content and/or test stored in the database806 can be associated with evaluation data that can, in some embodimentsbe likewise stored in the database. This evaluation data can be receivedand/or retrieved from the database by, for example, the content driver808 and/or the evaluation module 810.

After the evaluation data has been received and/or retrieved, theprocess 1100 proceeds to block 1126 wherein the response generated inblock 1102 is evaluated. In some embodiments, this can include thecomparison of the generated response to the retrieved evaluation data todetermine whether the response is a correct response and/or desiredresponse and/or the degree to which the response is a correct responseand/or desired response. This evaluation can be performed by theevaluation module 810.

After the responses been evaluated, the process 1100 proceeds block 1128wherein the response evaluation is stored. In some embodiments, this caninclude storing one or several values indicating whether the responsewas a correct answer/or desired response and/or the degree to which theresponse was a correct and/or desired response. The response evaluationcan, in some embodiments, be stored in the database 806.

After the response evaluation has been stored the process 1100 proceedsto decision state 1130 wherein it is determined if all of the contenthas been delivered, and in some embodiments, whether the test iscomplete. This determination can be made by the content driver 808. Ifit is determined that the test is complete and/or that all the contenthas been delivered, the process 1100 can proceed to block 1132 whereinthe connection with the user device 106 and specifically with the secondvirtual machine 803 is terminated. In some embodiments, this can includeproviding the user with an indication of the completeness of the contentdelivery and/or the test.

Returning again to decision state 1130, if it is determined the contentdelivery is not complete and/or that the test is not complete, theprocess 1100 proceeds block 1134 wherein a next subset of content and/ornext question is selected. In some embodiments, this can be performedsimilar to the step of block 1110 based on content and/or questions thathave already been provided to the user and/or content and/or questionsthat have not yet been provided to the user. After the next question hasbeen selected, the process 1100 proceeds to block 1136 and returns toblock 1112 of FIG. 13.

A number of variations and modifications of the disclosed embodimentscan also be used. Specific details are given in the above description toprovide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it isunderstood that the embodiments may be practiced without these specificdetails. For example, well-known circuits, processes, algorithms,structures, and techniques may be shown without unnecessary detail inorder to avoid obscuring the embodiments.

Implementation of the techniques, blocks, steps and means describedabove may be done in various ways. For example, these techniques,blocks, steps and means may be implemented in hardware, software, or acombination thereof. For a hardware implementation, the processing unitsmay be implemented within one or more application specific integratedcircuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signalprocessing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), fieldprogrammable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers,micro-controllers, microprocessors, other electronic units designed toperform the functions described above, and/or a combination thereof.

Also, it is noted that the embodiments may be described as a processwhich is depicted as a flowchart, a flow diagram, a swim diagram, a dataflow diagram, a structure diagram, or a block diagram. Although adepiction may describe the operations as a sequential process, many ofthe operations can be performed in parallel or concurrently. Inaddition, the order of the operations may be re-arranged. A process isterminated when its operations are completed, but could have additionalsteps not included in the figure. A process may correspond to a method,a function, a procedure, a subroutine, a subprogram, etc. When a processcorresponds to a function, its termination corresponds to a return ofthe function to the calling function or the main function.

Furthermore, embodiments may be implemented by hardware, software,scripting languages, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardwaredescription languages, and/or any combination thereof. When implementedin software, firmware, middleware, scripting language, and/or microcode,the program code or code segments to perform the necessary tasks may bestored in a machine readable medium such as a storage medium. A codesegment or machine-executable instruction may represent a procedure, afunction, a subprogram, a program, a routine, a subroutine, a module, asoftware package, a script, a class, or any combination of instructions,data structures, and/or program statements. A code segment may becoupled to another code segment or a hardware circuit by passing and/orreceiving information, data, arguments, parameters, and/or memorycontents. Information, arguments, parameters, data, etc. may be passed,forwarded, or transmitted via any suitable means including memorysharing, message passing, token passing, network transmission, etc.

For a firmware and/or software implementation, the methodologies may beimplemented with modules (e.g., procedures, functions, and so on) thatperform the functions described herein. Any machine-readable mediumtangibly embodying instructions may be used in implementing themethodologies described herein. For example, software codes may bestored in a memory. Memory may be implemented within the processor orexternal to the processor. As used herein the term “memory” refers toany type of long term, short term, volatile, nonvolatile, or otherstorage medium and is not to be limited to any particular type of memoryor number of memories, or type of media upon which memory is stored.

Moreover, as disclosed herein, the term “storage medium” may representone or more memories for storing data, including read only memory (ROM),random access memory (RAM), magnetic RAM, core memory, magnetic diskstorage mediums, optical storage mediums, flash memory devices and/orother machine readable mediums for storing information. The term“machine-readable medium” includes, but is not limited to portable orfixed storage devices, optical storage devices, and/or various otherstorage mediums capable of storing that contain or carry instruction(s)and/or data.

While the principles of the disclosure have been described above inconnection with specific apparatuses and methods, it is to be clearlyunderstood that this description is made only by way of example and notas limitation on the scope of the disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system for securely providing content, thesystem comprising: an administrator device communicatingly connectedwith a server via a wireless network, wherein the administrator deviceis configured to: receive a request for check-in information from theserver via the wireless network; and transmit check-in information tothe server via the wireless network; and a user device communicatingconnected with the server and with the administrator device, wherein theuser device is configured to: receive a launch signal via the wirelessnetwork from a content driver of the server; launch a first virtualmachine; launch a second virtual machine within the first virtualmachine; receive pixel data at the second virtual machine; generate animage from the received pixel data; receive a plurality of user inputsvia an input/output subsystem of the user device; and relay the userinputs to the content driver.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the userdevice is further configured to display the generated image via theinput/output subsystem.
 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the pixel datais received at the second virtual machine via a layered protocol model.4. The system of claim 1, wherein the pixel data is received at thesecond virtual machine via a User Datagram Protocol.
 5. The system ofclaim 1, wherein the second virtual machine comprises an ecosystemadapter configured to establish and maintain an authorized clientconnection between the second virtual machine and the content driver. 6.The system of claim 5, wherein the ecosystem adapter comprises anon-persistent ecosystem adapter.
 7. The system of claim 6, wherein thereceived pixel data is encrypted.
 8. The system of claim 7, whereingenerating the imaging from the received pixel data comprises decryptingthe received pixel data.
 9. The system of claim 8, wherein relaying theuser inputs to the content driver comprises wirelessly transmitting thereceived plurality of user inputs to the content driver.
 10. The systemof claim 9, wherein the user inputs are relayed to the content drivervia re-direct software located on the second virtual machine.
 11. Amethod of presenting content on a user device, the method comprising:receiving a launch signal from a content driver of a server at a userdevice, wherein the user device is communicatingly connected with anadministrator device and the server via a wireless network; launching afirst virtual machine within the user device; launching a second virtualmachine within the first virtual machine; receiving pixel data at thesecond virtual machine; generating an image from the received pixeldata; receiving a plurality of user inputs via and input/outputsubsystem of the user device; and relaying the user inputs to thecontent driver.
 12. The method of claim 11, further comprisingdisplaying the generated image via the input/output subsystem.
 13. Themethod of claim 11, wherein the pixel data is received at the secondvirtual machine via a layered protocol model.
 14. The method of claim11, wherein the pixel data is received at the second virtual machine viaa User Datagram Protocol.
 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the secondvirtual machine comprises an ecosystem adapter configured to establishand maintain an authorized client connection between the second virtualmachine and the content driver.
 16. The method of claim 15, wherein theecosystem adapter comprises a non-persistent ecosystem adapter.
 17. Themethod of claim 16, wherein the received pixel data is encrypted. 18.The method of claim 17, wherein generating the imaging from the receivedpixel data comprises decrypting the received pixel data.
 19. The methodof claim 18, wherein relaying the user inputs to the content drivercomprises wirelessly transmitting the received plurality of user inputsto the content driver.
 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the userinputs are relayed to the content driver via re-direct software locatedon the second virtual machine.